Olathe served as a stop on the Oregon Trail, the California Trail, and the Santa Fe Trail. With the Confederate surrender, the military post was decommissioned in August 1865. The second raid occurred October 24–5, 1864, when Confederate Major General Sterling Price, with a force of 10,000 men, passed through on their retreat south (see Price's Raid). The first happened on August 20–21, 1863, as Quantrill was passing through on his way to Lawrence, Kansas (see Lawrence Massacre). Kansas militia continued to occupy the Olathe military post through the rest of the Civil War.Ĭonfederate forces attempted two further raids against the city. The oath was deemed invalid in November 1862, since the guerrillas were not considered legitimate enemy military units. Quantrill captured the outpost and tried forcing the men to swear an oath to the Confederacy. On September 6, 1862, William Quantrill led a surprise raid of guerrilla Confederates against the city, which resulted in a half dozen deaths and the destruction of most of the city. It housed one company of troops along with the local militia. In 1861, Union officials and local military forces created a military post in the city. Peace continued to elude Olathe for many years to come, however. With the admission of Kansas into the Union as a free state in 1861, violence began to dissipate. These clashes further escalated and become a part of the greater conflict known as Bleeding Kansas. Rising tensions across the nation over the issue of slavery led to numerous clashes between abolitionist settlers and neighboring slave state Missouri. Olathe was incorporated in 1857, and while not the first city in Johnson County, its rapid growth led to it being named the county seat in October 1859. I kept thinking the land was beautiful and that I should name the town Beautiful." Purportedly, Barton asked a Shawnee interpreter how to say "Beautiful" in his native language. He later described his ride to friends: ".the prairie was covered with verbena and other wild flowers. He rode to the center of Johnson County, and staked two quarter sections of land as the town site. It is the fourth-most populous city in both the Kansas City metropolitan area and the state of Kansas, with a 2020 population of 141,290. Olathe ( / oʊ ˈ l eɪ θ ə/ oh- LAY-tha) is the county seat of Johnson County, Kansas, United States.
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